Based on the consolidation of the Ifremer networks RESCO (https://doi.org/10.17882/53007) and VELYGER (https://doi.org/10.17882/41888), the general objective of the ECOSCOPA project is to analyze the causes of spatio-temporal variability of the main life traits (Larval stage - Recruitment - Reproduction - Growth – Survival – Cytogenetic anomalies) of the Pacific oyster in France and follow their evolution over the long term in the context of climate change. The high frequency environmental data are monitored since 2010 at several stations next to oyster farm areas in eight bays of the French coast (from south to north): Thau Lagoon and bays of Arcachon, Marennes Oléron, Bourgneuf, Vilaine, Brest, Mont Saint-Michel and Veys (see map below). Sea temperature and practical salinity are recorded at 15-mins frequency. For several sites, fluorescence and turbidity data are also available. Data are acquired with automatic probes directly put in oyster bags or fixed on metallic structure at 50 cm over the sediment bottom, except for Thau Lagoon whose probes are deployed at 2m below sea surface. Since 2010, several types of probes were used: STP2, STPS, SMATCH or WiSens CTD from NKE (www.nke-instrumentation.fr) and recently ECO FLNTU (www.seabird.com). The probes are regularly qualified by calibrations in the Ifremer coastal laboratories. Precision estimated of the complete data collection process is: temperature (±0.1°C), salinity (±0.5psu), in vivo fluorescence (±10%), turbidity (±10%). The data are qualified into several levels: 0-No Quality Check performed, 1-Good data, 2-Probably good data, 3-Probably bad data, 4-Bad data, 5-Value changed, 7-Nominal value, 8-Interpolated value, 9-Missing value. 

'''DEFINITION''' Significant wave height (SWH), expressed in metres, is the average height of the highest one-third of waves. This OMI provides time series of seasonal mean and extreme SWH values in three oceanic regions as well as their trends from 2002 to 2020, computed from the reprocessed global L4 SWH product (WAVE_GLO_PHY_SWH_L4_MY_014_007). The extreme SWH is defined as the 95th percentile of the daily maximum of SWH over the chosen period and region. The 95th percentile represents the value below which 95% of the data points fall, indicating higher wave heights than usual. The mean and the 95th percentile of SWH are calculated for two seasons of the year to take into account the seasonal variability of waves (January, February, and March, and July, August, and September) and are in m while the trends are in cm/yr. '''CONTEXT''' Grasping the nature of global ocean surface waves, their variability, and their long-term interannual shifts is essential for climate research and diverse oceanic and coastal applications. The sixth IPCC Assessment Report underscores the significant role waves play in extreme sea level events (Mentaschi et al., 2017), flooding (Storlazzi et al., 2018), and coastal erosion (Barnard et al., 2017). Additionally, waves impact ocean circulation and mediate interactions between air and sea (Donelan et al., 1997) as well as sea-ice interactions (Thomas et al., 2019). Studying these long-term and interannual changes demands precise time series data spanning several decades. Until now, such records have been available only from global model reanalyses or localised in situ observations. While buoy data are valuable, they offer limited local insights and are especially scarce in the southern hemisphere. In contrast, altimeters deliver global, high-quality measurements of significant wave heights (SWH) (Gommenginger et al., 2002). The growing satellite record of SWH now facilitates more extensive global and long-term analyses. By using SWH data from a multi-mission altimetric product from 2002 to 2020, we can calculate global mean SWH and extreme SWH and evaluate their trends. '''KEY FINDINGS''' Over the period from 2002 to 2020, positive trends in both Significant Wave Height (SWH) and extreme SWH are mostly found in the southern hemisphere. The 95th percentile of wave heights (q95), increases more rapidly than the average values, indicating that extreme waves are growing faster than the average wave height. In the North Atlantic, SWH has increased in summertime (July August September) and decreased during the wintertime: the trend for the 95th percentile SWH is decreasing by 2.1 ± 3.3 cm/year, while the mean SWH shows a decreasing trend of 2.2 ± 1.76 cm/year. In the south of Australia, in boreal winter, the 95th percentile SWH is increasing at a rate of 2.6 ± 1.5 cm/year (a), with the mean SWH increasing by 0.7 ± 0.64 cm/year (b). Finally, in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, also in boreal winter, the 95th percentile SWH trend is 3.2 ± 2.15 cm/year (a) and the mean SWH trend is 1.4 ± 0.82 cm/year (b). This variation highlights that waves evolve differently across different basins and seasons, illustrating the complex and region-specific nature of wave height trends. A full discussion regarding this OMI can be found in A. Laloue et al. (2024). '''DOI (product):''' https://doi.org/10.48670/mds-00352

The In Situ Analysis System (ISAS) was developed to produce gridded fields of temperature and salinity that preserve as much as possible the time and space sampling capabilities of the Argo network of profiling floats. ISAS is based on Optimal Interpolation method. Since the first global re-analysis performed in 2009, the system has been extended to accommodate all types of vertical profile as well as time series. ISAS gridded fields are entirely based on in-situ measurements. The system aims at monitoring the time evolution of ocean properties for climatic studies and allowing easy computation of climate indices. Delayed Mode (D) profiles are used a much as possible and extra visual check is carried out. The ISAS procedure and products are described in Gaillard et al. (2016). The present DOI provides both analyzed fields and standardized profiles data used in interpolation. ISAS provide now also gridded fields of dissolved oxgyen from BGC Argo floats.   HISTORY   ISAS20_ARGO_*_DOXY: The ISAS20_ARGO_*_DOXY release is BGC Argo DOXY variable interpolated on 187 standard depth levels between 0-5500 m depth and 0.5°x0.5° global horizontal grid. ISAS20 use the version 8 of ISAS and updated statistics to produce the monthly analysis (Monthly Climatology and annual STD computed from WOA18A5B7). ISAS20 gridded fields analyze yearly mean of the Argo dissolved oxygen data over 3 periods : 2009-2018, 2009-2013, and 2014-2018.   ISAS20_ARGO: The ISAS20_ARGO release is interpolated on 187 standard depth levels between 0-5500 m depth and 0.5°x0.5° global horizontal grid. ISAS20 use the version 8 of ISAS and updated statistics to produce the monthly analysis (Monthly Climatology and annual STD computed from WOA18A5B7). ISAS20 gridded fields analyze the Argo and Deep-Argo temperature and salinity data alone between 2002-2020.   ISAS17: The ISAS17 release is interpolated on 187 standard depth levels between 0-5500 m depth and 0.5°x0.5° global horizontal grid. ISAS17 use the version 8 of ISAS and updated  statistics to produce the monthly analysis (Monthly Climatology and annual STD computed from WOA18A5D). ISAS17 gridded fields analyze the Argo and Deep-Argo temperature and salinity profiles, and other in situ measurements between 2002-2017 to complete observations, including the higher latitudes (typically poleward of 60°S-N) where Argo sampling is sparse or not existent.   ISAS-SSS : The ISAS-SSS release is interpolated on 4 standard depth levels (1-3-5-10m depth) and 0.5°x0.5° global horizontal grid between 2002-2015. ISAS-SSS use the version 7 of ISAS and updated the statistics to produce the monthly analyses (Monthly Climatology computed from ISAS13 and annual STD computed from Argo dataset). ISAS-SSS gridded fields analyze the Argo  and other in situ salinity data, including TSG from research and ship of opportunity from French SNO-SSS.   ISAS15 : The ISAS15 release is interpolated on 152 standard depth levels between 0-2000 m depth and 0.5°x0.5° global horizontal grid between 2002-2015. ISAS15 use the version 7 of ISAS and updated  statistics to produce the monthly analysis (Monthly Climatology computed from ISAS13 and annual STD computed from Argo dataset). ISAS15 gridded fields analyze the Argo temperature and salinity data alone in its ISAS15_ARGO configuration; or Argo plus other in situ measurements in its ISAS15 configuration.   ISAS13 : The ISAS13 release is interpolated on 152 standard depth levels between 0-2000 m depth and 0.5°x0.5° global horizontal grid  between 2002-2012. ISAS13 use the version 6 of ISAS and updated statistics to produce the monthly analysis (Monthly Climatology computed from ISAS11 and annual STD computed from Argo dataset). ISAS13 gridded fields analyze the Argo temperature and salinity data and other in situ measurements between 2002-2012.   For detailed information and description of the ISAS products please visit the dedicated Argo France web page: https://www.argo-france.fr/Argo-Data-Products/Argo-France-products  

This folder contains two examples of PAGURE datasets, corresponding to three surveys: -CGFS conducted in 2018 in the English Channel (Northeast Atlantic) -EPIBENGOL conducted in 2019 in the Gulf of Lion (Western Mediterranean) -EVHOE conducted in 2020 in the Bay of Biscay and Celtic Shelf (Northeast Atlantic) Files include metadata for the sampling stations, annotation files. A readme tex file contains the links to the voyage metadata This folder is aimed at providing an example of documented underwater imagery dataset. These data are part of the data exchange conducted in the QuatreA collaboration between the French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the University of Tasmania (UTAS).

'''Short description:''' For the Atlantic Ocean - The product contains daily Level-3 sea surface wind with a 1km horizontal pixel spacing using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observations and their collocated European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model outputs. Products are processed homogeneously starting from the L2OCN products. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/mds-00339

The European Union’s Copernicus-funded TRUSTED project (Towards Fiducial Reference Measurements of Sea-Surface Temperature by European Drifters) has deployed over 100 state of the art drifting buoys for improved validation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) from the Sentinel-3 Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometers (SLSTR). These buoys are manufactured by NKE. The TRUSTED drifting buoys data and metadata are distributed in qualtity control NetCDF files, as a subset of DBCP drifting buoys GDAC (Global Data Assembly Centre). Coriolis DAC  (Data Assembly Centre) routinely collects, decodes, quality controls, preserves and distributes data and metadata as NetCDF-CF files. The TRUSTED buoys have specific features managed by Coriolis DAC python data processing chain: a high resolution temperature sensor in addition to the classic drifting buoy temperature sensor. The high sampling and high resolution observations are distributed in specific variables TEMP_HR, TEMP_HR_SPOT, TEMP_HR_XX (XX is the percentile sample).  

'''Short description:''' Arctic sea ice thickness from merged L-Band radiometer (SMOS ) and radar altimeter (CryoSat-2, Sentinel-3A/B) observations during freezing season between October and April in the northern hemisphere and Aprilt to October in the southern hemisphere. The SMOS mission provides L-band observations and the ice thickness-dependency of brightness temperature enables to estimate the sea-ice thickness for thin ice regimes. Radar altimeters measure the height of the ice surface above the water level, which can be converted into sea ice thickness assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00125

The Coriolis Ocean Dataset for Reanalysis for the Ireland-Biscay-Iberia region (hereafter CORA-IBI) product is a regional dataset of in situ temperature and salinity measurements. The latest version of the product covers the period 1950-2014. The CORA-IBI observations comes from many different sources collected by Coriolis data centre in collaboration with the In Situ Thematic Centre of the Copernicus Marine Service (CMEMS INSTAC).  The observations integrated in the CORA-IBI product have been acquired both by autonomous platforms (Argo profilers, fixed moorings, gliders, drifters, sea mammals, fishery observing system from the RECOPESCA program), research or opportunity vessels ( CTDs, XBTs, ferrybox).  This CORA-IBI product has been controlled using an objective analysis (statistical tests) method and a visual quality control (QC). This QC procedure has been developed with the main objective to improve the quality of the dataset to the level required by the climate application and the physical ocean re-analysis activities. It provides T and S individual profiles on their original level with QC flags. The reference level of measurements is immersion (in meters) or pressure (in decibars). It is a subset on the IBI (Iberia-Bay-of-Biscay Ireland) of the CMEMS product referenced hereafter. The main new features of this regional product compared with previous global CORA products are the incorporation of coastal profiles from fishery observing system (RECOPESCA programme) in the Bay of Biscay and the English Channel as well as the use of an historical dataset collected by the Service hydrographique de la Marine (SHOM).

The present dataset is based on a nine site study of fine seabed topography in intertidal zones. Four coral sites (Maupiti A, B and C and Niau islands) and five rocky sites (Ars en Ré, Socoa, Parlementia A and B and Banneg island) have been explored. The data has been gathered using on-foot GNSS RTK for all sites (Trimble R8/R8S and Leica sytems) except Banneg island, where aerial Lidar data from Litto3D program has been used. The horizontal resolution varies between 3.8 and 12cm allowing to describe a wide range of spatial scales (generally over 3 spectral decades). The data has been processed to explore the statistical and spectral metrics which can be used to characterize the architectural complexity of seabeds.

The GEBCO grid is global data set of elevation values, in metres, on a 15 arc-second interval grid. It is accompanied by a Type Identifier (TID) Grid that gives information on the types of source data that the GEBCO_2024 Grid is based on. An additional 4.34 million square kilometres of bathymetric data has been added to the global grid since the last release in 2023, with 26.1% of the seabed now mapped. This is the Sixth GEBCO grid developed through the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project.This is a collaborative project between the Nippon Foundation of Japan and GEBCO. The aim of the project is to map the global sea floor by 2030. GEBCO's grids can be downloaded as a global file in netCDF format or for user-defined areas, through our download app, in netCDF, data GeoTiff and ESRI ASCII raster formats. The data set can also be downloaded in the form of imagery. This release of the GEBCO grid includes data from version 5.0 of the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) . GEBCO's aim is to provide the most authoritative publicly-available bathymetry of the world's oceans. It operates under the joint auspices of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) (of UNESCO).