This dataset presents the estimated multiplication factor by which the frequency of flooding events of a given height in European tide gauges will change between 2010 and 2100, due to projected regional sea relative level rise under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 scenario. Values larger than 1 indicate an increase in flooding frequency. This dataset is derived from the Figure 13.25(b) of the Working Group I contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/report/WG1AR5_ALL_FINAL.pdf). This dataset also contributes to an earlier version of the EEA Indicator "Global and European sea-level": https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/sea-level-rise-5/assessment.

Représentation de l'indice de sensibilité morpho-sédimentaire ESI du littoral français. L'indice est produit à partir de la description de la nature morpho-sédimentaire du littoral ainsi que de l'appréciation de son niveau d'exposition à l'hydrodynamisme. La vulnérabilité des zones côtières aux dommages par hydrocarbures a été classée sur une échelle de 1 à 10. Pour simplifier la lecture des cartes, ces 10 classes ont été regroupées en 5 familles : ESI 1-2, ESI 3-4, ESI 5-6, ESI 7-8, ESI 9-10. Du fait des différences pouvant exister entre le bas et le haut de l'estran (identifié sous le terme "trait de côte" dans le cadre des Atlas POLMAR-Terre), la nature de l'estran et celle du trait de côte ont été cartographiées séparément. Cette couche représente l'indice de sensibilité morpho-sédimentaire de l'estran du littoral français.

Représentation de l'indice de sensibilité morpho-sédimentaire ESI du littoral français. L'indice est produit à partir de la description de la nature morpho-sédimentaire du littoral ainsi que de l'appréciation de son niveau d'exposition à l'hydrodynamisme. La vulnérabilité des zones côtières aux dommages par hydrocarbures a été classée sur une échelle de 1 à 10. Pour simplifier la lecture des cartes, ces 10 classes ont été regroupées en 5 familles : ESI 1-2, ESI 3-4, ESI 5-6, ESI 7-8, ESI 9-10. Du fait des différences pouvant exister entre le bas et le haut de l'estran (identifié sous le terme "trait de côte" dans le cadre des Atlas POLMAR-Terre), la nature de l'estran et celle du trait de côte ont été cartographiées séparément. Cette couche représente l'indice de sensibilité morpho-sédimentaire du trait de côte du littoral français.

L'Indice de sensibilité environnementale du littoral français a été approché comme étant une approximation de la "valeur patrimoniale de l'environnement". La méthode retenue pour déterminer cet indice a consisté à comptabiliser sur un secteur donné le nombre de zones de protection environnementales se superposant, en partant du principe que plus un site va être couvert par des zonages différents plus il répond à un nombre d'enjeux importants et donc plus sa valeur patrimoniale est élevée et sa vulnérabilité à la pollution aux hydrocarbures est importante. Cette couche représente l'indice de sensibilité environnementale du littoral français réparti selon 5 classes d'indice allant du peu sensible au très sensible : 1- peu sensible, 2, 3-4, 5-6 et supérieure ou égale à 7 - très sensible.

This dataset presents the resulting assessment grid (based on the EEA reference grid) with the classification of ecosystem health of the transitional, coastal and marine waters in the context of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). This classification has been performed using the MESH+ (Marine EcoSystem Health) tool. The MESH+ tool builds on the EEA assessment tools developed and applied in the context of assessing the degree of contamination (CHASE+), eutrophication (HEAT+) and biodiversity (BEAT+) in Europe's seas (EEA, 2018a, 2019c; Vaughan et al., 2019). MESH+ makes use of the same data sets and threshold values used in these assessments but recombines these in a new framework that addresses 'ecosystem condition'. The overall area of interest used is based on the marine regions and subregions under the MSFD. Additionally, Norwegian (Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea) and Icelandic waters (’Iceland Sea’) have been added (see Surrounding seas of Europe). Note that within the North East Atlantic region only the subregions within EEZ boundaries (~200 nm) have been included. The spatial resolution of the assessment grid is 20 km x 20 km in coastal areas and 100 km x 100 km in offshore areas. This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Marine Messages II" (EEA, 2020): https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/marine-messages-2

This data set presents the resulting assessment grid (based on the EEA reference grid) with the classification of chemical status of the transitional, coastal and marine waters in the context of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), providing a mapping of contamination 'problem areas' and 'non-problem areas' based on measurements of biological effects. This classification has been performed using the CHASE+ tool, with classifications of the of contaminant status of indicators of biological effects. The status is evaluated in five classes, where NPAhigh and NPAgood are recognised as ‘non-problem areas’ and PAmoderate, PApoor and PAbad are recognised as ‘problem areas’. Monitoring biological effects is restricted to a few indicators (e.g. imposex) and data coverage is currently limited. Biological effects have thus been addressed in only 134 assessment units, mostly in the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and the North-East Atlantic Ocean. This data set underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the EEA report “Contaminants in Europe’s seas” (No 25/2018). See the mentioned report for further information.

The dataset presents the potential combined effects of land-based pressures on marine species and habitats estimated using the method for assessment of cumulative effects, for the entire suite of pressures and a selected set of marine species groups and habitats by an index (Halpern et al. 2008). The spatial assessment of combined effects of multiple pressures informs of the risks of human activities on the marine ecosystem health. The methodology builds on the spatial layers of pressures and ecosystem components and on an estimate of ecosystem sensitivity through an expert questionnaire. The raster dataset consists of a division of the Europe's seas in 10km and 100 km grid cells, which values represents the combined effects index values for pressures caused by land-based human activities. The relative values indicate areas where the pressures potentially affect the marine ecosystem. This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Marine Messages" (EEA, 2020).

This dataset presents the resulting assessment grid (based on the EEA reference grid) with the classification of chemical status of the transitional, coastal and marine waters in the context of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). This classification has been performed using the CHASE+ tool, with classifications of the matrices ‘water’, ‘sediment’ and ‘biota’ and indicators of ‘biological effects’, as well as an integrated classification of chemical status, combining results of all matrices. The chemical status is evaluated in five classes, where NPAhigh and NPAgood are recognised as ‘non-problem areas’ and PAmoderate, PApoor and PAbad are recognised as ‘problem areas’. This is the assessment made excluding concentrations of mercury (Hg). The overall area of interest used is based on the marine regions and subregions under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Additionally, Norwegian (Barent Sea and Norwegian Sea) and Icelandic waters (’Iceland Sea’) have been added (see Surrounding seas of Europe). Note that within the North East Atlantic region only the subregions within EEZ boundaries (~200 nm) have been included. This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Contaminants in Europe's Seas" (EEA, 2019).

This raster dataset represents the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies, i.e. changes of sea temperatures, in the European Seas. The dataset is based on the map "Mean annual sea surface temperature trend in European seas" by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), which depicts the linear trend in sea surface temperature (in °C/yr) for the European seas over the past 25 years (1989-2013). Since all changes of sea temperatures can be considered to have an impact on the marine environment, the pressure layer includes absolute values of SST anomalies, i.e. negative/decreasing temperature trends were changed to positive values so that they represent a pressure. The original data was in a 1° grid format but was converted to a 100 km resolution, adapted to the EEA 10 km grid and clipped with the area of interest. This dataset has been prepared for the calculation of the combined effect index, produced for the ETC/ICM Report 4/2019 "Multiple pressures and their combined effects in Europe's seas" available on: https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-icm/etc-icm-report-4-2019-multiple-pressures-and-their-combined-effects-in-europes-seas-1.

The dataset presents the potential combined effects of sea-based pressures on marine species and habitats estimated using the method for assessment of cumulative effects, for the entire suite of pressures and a selected set of marine species groups and habitats by an index (Halpern et al. 2008). The spatial assessment of combined effects of multiple pressures informs of the risks of human activities on the marine ecosystem health. The methodology builds on the spatial layers of pressures and ecosystem components and on an estimate of ecosystem sensitivity through an expert questionnaire. The raster dataset consists of a division of the Europe's seas in 10km and 100 km grid cells, which values represents the combined effects index values for pressures caused by sea-based human activities. The relative values indicate areas where the pressures potentially affect the marine ecosystem. This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Marine Messages" (EEA, 2020).