The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) is initialized four times per day (0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 UTC). NCEP upgraded their operational CFS to version 2 on March 30, 2011. This is the same model that was used to create the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and the purpose of this dataset is to extend CFSR. The 6-hourly atmospheric, oceanic and land surface analyzed products and forecasts, available at 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 degree horizontal resolutions, are archived here beginning with January 1, 2011 as an extension of CFSR.

ERA-Interim is a dataset, showing the results of a global climate reanalysis from 1979 to date. ERA-Interim continues to be updated in near-real-time as new data becomes available.

ERA5 is a climate reanalysis dataset, covering the period 1979 to present. ERA5 is being developed through the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). Extracted data available here are one hourly at a regular grid lat,lon 0.25*0.25

The CORE-II simulations provide a framework to evaluate ocean model performance, to study mechanisms of ocean phenomena and their variability from seasonal to decadal timescales, to identify forced variability changes, and to develop mechanistic descriptions of observed climate variability and change.

The Drifting Buoys GDAC -Global Data Assembly Centre- is the repository of surface drifters data. Both NRT -Near Real Time- and DM -Delayed Mode- data are available on the GDAC. Drifters report generally trajectories, sea-surface temperatures, atmospheric pressures at sea-level, as well as sea-surface salinity or sub-surface temperature in the ocean top layer.

The Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) was established by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO in 1985 to establish a well-designed, high-quality in situ sea level observing network to support a broad research and operational user base. Various tide gauge networks have contributed to GLOSS, each with a different focus and each changing over time as research priorities evolve. The main component is the GLOSS Core Network (GCN), a global set of ~300 tide gauges that serves as the backbone of the global in situ sea level network. GCN gauges were allocated to each island or group of islands at intervals not closer than 500 km, and along continental coasts at intervals generally not less than 1000 km. Preference was given to islands in order to maximise exposure to the open ocean. Established in 1933, the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) is responsible for the collection, publication, analysis and interpretation of sea level data from the global network of tide gauges, including the GLOSS Core Network.

The Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis activity for quality-controlled, surface ocean fCO₂ (fugacity of carbon dioxide) observations by the international marine carbon research community (>100 contributors). SOCAT data is publicly available, discoverable and citable. SOCAT enables quantification of the ocean carbon sink and ocean acidification and evaluation of ocean biogeochemical models. SOCAT represents a milestone in biogeochemical and climate research and in informing policy. SOCAT data are released in versions. Each succeeding version contains new data sets as well as updates of older ones. The first version of SOCAT was released in 2011, the second and third version followed biennially. Automation allowed annual public releases since version 4. The latest SOCAT version (version 5) has 21.5 million observations from 1957 to 2017 for the global oceans and coastal seas. SOCAT contains data from the VOS, OceanSites network and mooring, buoy data in general as well as calibrated sensor data.

The mission of OceanSITES is to collect, deliver and promote the use of high-quality data from long-term, high-frequency observations at fixed locations in the open ocean. OceanSITES typically aim to collect multidisciplinary data worldwide from the full-depth water column as well as the overlying atmosphere. OceanSITES delivers high-quality data from long-term, high-frequency observations at fixed locations in the open ocean.

Data from FerryBoxes on ships of opportunity going on permanent routes are stored inside this database (ferrydata.hzg.de). Parameters are temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a fluorescence, oxygen and different others. The data model is transect oriented. A data portal to access and visualise the data is also provided.

'''Short description: ''' For the Global Ocean- The In Situ Thematic Assembly Centre (INS TAC) integrates near real-time in situ in situ observation data. These data are collected from main global networks (Argo, GOSUD, OceanSITES, GTS) completed by European data provided by EUROGOOS regional systems and national data providers assembled by the In Situ TAC regional components. The data are quality controlled using automated procedures and assessed using statistical analysis residuals. It is updated continuously and provides observations with 24-48 hours from acquisition in average. Acces through CMEMS Catalogue after registration: http://marine.copernicus.eu/ '''Detailed description:''' Ocean circulation models need information on the interior of the ocean to be able to generate accurate forecast. This information is only available from in-situ measurements. However this information is acquired all around the world and not easily accessible to operational users. Therefore, In Situ Thematic Assembly Centre (INS-TAC), by connecting to a lot of international networks, collects, controls and disseminates the relevant in-situ data to operational users and research community. It also integrates the in situ data collected by the regional components of the INS-TAC. The INS-TAC portal is updated continuously with the observations which have never been disseminated in previous release or have been updated. The latest month of data is available in the "latest" directory, while the data are then accumulated month by month on the same portal. '''Processing information:''' The product is the homogeneous aggregation of observation data coming from various in-situ sources, quality controlled according to standardized procedures that have been defined in collaboration with EUROGOOS, SeaDataNet and international programs such as Argo, GOSUD or OceanSITES. Duplicate observations have been removed. The data are coming from the following platforms: # Profile data from Argo profiling floats including Euro-Argo, CTD and XBT from research vessels or vessels of opportunity, mooring from OceanSITES including EuroSites and National systems, profiles from Gliders including EGO , from sea mammals as well as profile data from GTS (Global Telecommunication System in BUOY, BATHY and TESAC format). # along the track data from thermosalinograph European Ferrybox vessels, Argo profiling floats and drifting buoys . # Timeseries from fixed stations mainly in European seas # sea level from EUROGOOS ROOSesThe reference level of the measurements is immersion (in meters) or pressure (in decibars). The data are available in the same format on a unique portal develop jointly with EurOGOOS for the European Seas. '''Quality/accuracy/calibration information:''' On each profile or underway data individual automatic tests (peak detection, ....) and statistical tests (comparison with climatology and neighbouring measurements) are performed. On doubtful data visual control by ocean experts is performed. As a result of these tests, quality control flags are assigned to each measurement and included in the product. The data format and Quality Control procedures for Temperature, Salinity, Current, Sea Level , and some biogeochemical parameters are documented at CMEMS INS-TAC Documentation. '''Suitability, Expected type of users / uses:''' The product is designed for assimilation into operational models operated by ocean forecasting centres or for scientists interested in near real time products. These users need data aggregated and quality controlled in a reliable and documented manner. As the different releases of the product are not archived by INS TAC, users have to manage their own in-situ data archive if they need it. Only the best copy of the data is archived at the INS TAC.