Moving 6-year analysis of Water body silicate in the Mediterranean Sea for each season: - winter: January-March, - spring: April-June, - summer: July-September, - autumn: October-December. Every year of the time dimension corresponds to the 6-year centered average of the season. 6-years periods span from 1970-1975 until 2017-2022. Data Sources: observational data from SeaDataNet/EMODNet Chemistry Data Network. Units: umol/l. Description of DIVA analysis: The computation was done with the DIVAnd (Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis in n dimensions), version 2.7.9, using GEBCO 30sec topography for the spatial connectivity of water masses. The horizontal resolution of the produced DIVAnd maps grids is dx=dy=0.125 degrees (around 13.5km and 10.9km accordingly). The vertical resolution is 25 depth levels: [0.,5.,10.,20.,30.,50.,75.,100.,125.,150.,200.,250.,300.,400.,500.,600.,700.,800.,900.,1000.,1100.,1200.,1300.,1400.,1500.]. The horizontal correlation length is 200km. The vertical correlation length (in meters) was set twices the vertical resolution: [10.,10.,20.,20.,40.,50.,50.,50.,50.,100.,100.,100.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.]. Duplicates check was performed using the following criteria for space and time: dlon=0.001deg., dlat=0.001deg., ddepth=1m, dtime=1hour, dvalue=0.1. The error variance (epsilon2) was set equal to 1 for profiles and 10 for time series to reduce the influence of close data near the coasts. An anamorphosis transformation was applied to the data (function DIVAnd.Anam.loglin) to avoid unrealistic negative values: threshold value=200. A background analysis field was used for all years (1970-2022) with correlation length equal to 600km and error variance (epsilon2) equal to 20. Quality control of the observations was applied using the interpolated field (QCMETHOD=3). Residuals (differences between the observations and the analysis (interpolated linearly to the location of the observations) were calculated. Observations with residuals outside the minimum and maximum values of the 99% quantile were discarded from the analysis. Originators of Italian data sets-List of contributors: - Brunetti Fabio (OGS) - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel doi:10.6092/36728450-4296-4e6a-967d-d5b6da55f306 - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel, Ursella Laura, Siena Giuseppe doi:10.6092/f8e6d18e-f877-4aa5-a983-a03b06ccb987 - Cataletto Bruno (OGS) - Cinzia Comici Cinzia (OGS) - Civitarese Giuseppe (OGS) - DeVittor Cinzia (OGS) - Giani Michele (OGS) - Kovacevic Vedrana (OGS) - Mosetti Renzo (OGS) - Solidoro C.,Beran A.,Cataletto B.,Celussi M.,Cibic T.,Comici C.,Del Negro P.,De Vittor C.,Minocci M.,Monti M.,Fabbro C.,Falconi C.,Franzo A.,Libralato S.,Lipizer M.,Negussanti J.S.,Russel H.,Valli G., doi:10.6092/e5518899-b914-43b0-8139-023718aa63f5 - Celio Massimo (ARPA FVG) - Malaguti Antonella (ENEA) - Fonda Umani Serena (UNITS) - Bignami Francesco (ISAC/CNR) - Boldrini Alfredo (ISMAR/CNR) - Marini Mauro (ISMAR/CNR) - Miserocchi Stefano (ISMAR/CNR) - Zaccone Renata (IAMC/CNR) - Lavezza, R., Dubroca, L. F. C., Ludicone, D., Kress, N., Herut, B., Civitarese, G., Cruzado, A., Lefèvre, D.,Souvermezoglou, E., Yilmaz, A., Tugrul, S., and Ribera d'Alcala, M.: Compilation of quality controlled nutrient profiles from the Mediterranean Sea, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.771907, 2011.

Moving 6-year analysis of Water_body_dissolved_inorganic_nitrogen_(DIN) in the Mediterranean Sea for each season: - winter: January-March, - spring: April-June, - summer: July-September, - autumn: October-December. Every year of the time dimension corresponds to the 6-year centered average of the season. 6-years periods span from 1990-1995 until 2014-2019. Observational data span from 1970 to 2019. Depth range (IODE standard depths): -1100.0, -1000.0, -900.0, -800.0, -700.0, -600.0, -500.0, -400.0, -300.0, -250.0, -200.0, -150.0, -125.0, -100.0, -75.0, -50.0, -30.0, -20.0, -10.0, -5.0, -0.0. Data Sources: observational data from SeaDataNet/EMODnet Chemistry Data Network. Description of DIVA analysis: Geostatistical data analysis by DIVA (Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis) tool. Profiles were interpolated at standard depths using weighted parabolic interpolation algorithm (Reiniger and Ross, 1968). GEBCO 1min topography is used for the contouring preparation. Analysed filed masked using relative error threshold 0.3 and 0.5. DIVA settings: A constant value for signal-to-noise ratio was used equal to 1. Correlation length was optimized and filtered vertically and a seasonally-averaged profile was used. 'log(data)-exp(analysis' transformation applied to the data prior to the analysis. Background field: the data mean value is subtracted from the data. Detrending of data: no. Advection constraint applied: no. Units: umol/l. The entire set of related maps can be found in the viewing service: http://ec.oceanbrowser.net/emodnet/ . Originators of Italian data sets-List of contributors: - Brunetti Fabio (OGS) - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel doi:10.6092/36728450-4296-4e6a-967d-d5b6da55f306 - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel, Ursella Laura, Siena Giuseppe doi:10.6092/f8e6d18e-f877-4aa5-a983-a03b06ccb987 - Cataletto Bruno (OGS) - Cinzia Comici Cinzia (OGS) - Civitarese Giuseppe (OGS) - DeVittor Cinzia (OGS) - Giani Michele (OGS) - Kovacevic Vedrana (OGS) - Mosetti Renzo (OGS) - Solidoro C.,Beran A.,Cataletto B.,Celussi M.,Cibic T.,Comici C.,Del Negro P.,De Vittor C.,Minocci M.,Monti M.,Fabbro C.,Falconi C.,Franzo A.,Libralato S.,Lipizer M.,Negussanti J.S.,Russel H.,Valli G., doi:10.6092/e5518899-b914-43b0-8139-023718aa63f5 - Celio Massimo (ARPA FVG) - Malaguti Antonella (ENEA) - Fonda Umani Serena (UNITS) - Bignami Francesco (ISAC/CNR) - Boldrini Alfredo (ISMAR/CNR) - Marini Mauro (ISMAR/CNR) - Miserocchi Stefano (ISMAR/CNR) - Zaccone Renata (IAMC/CNR) - Lavezza, R., Dubroca, L. F. C., Ludicone, D., Kress, N., Herut, B., Civitarese, G., Cruzado, A., Lefèvre, D., Souvermezoglou, E., Yilmaz, A., Tugrul, S., and Ribera d'Alcala, M.: Compilation of quality controlled nutrient profiles from the Mediterranean Sea, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.771907, 2011.

Moving 6-year analysis of Water body dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) for each season: - winter: January-March, - spring: April-June, - summer: July-September, - autumn: October-December. Every year of the time dimension corresponds to the 6-year centered average of the season. 6-years periods span from 1990-1995 until 2017-2022. Data Sources: observational data from SeaDataNet/EMODNet Chemistry Data Network. Units: umol/l. Description of DIVA analysis: The computation was done with the DIVAnd (Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis in n dimensions), version 2.7.9, using GEBCO 30sec topography for the spatial connectivity of water masses. The horizontal resolution of the produced DIVAnd maps grids is dx=dy=0.125 degrees (around 13.5km and 10.9km accordingly). The vertical resolution is 21 depth levels: [0.,5.,10.,20.,30.,50.,75.,100., 125.,150.,200.,250.,300.,400.,500.,600.,700.,800.,900.,1000.,1100.]. The horizontal correlation length is 200km. The vertical correlation length (in meters) was set twices the vertical resolution: [10.,10.,20.,20.,40.,50.,50.,50.,50.,100.,100.,100.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.,200.]. Duplicates check was performed using the following criteria for space and time: dlon=0.001deg., dlat=0.001deg., ddepth=1m, dtime=1hour, dvalue=0.1. The error variance (epsilon2) was set equal to 1 for profiles and 10 for time series to reduce the influence of close data near the coasts. An anamorphosis transformation was applied to the data (function DIVAnd.Anam.loglin) to avoid unrealistic negative values: threshold value=200. A background analysis field was used for all years (1990-2022) with correlation length equal to 600km and error variance (epsilon2) equal to 20. Quality control of the observations was applied using the interpolated field (QCMETHOD=3). Residuals (differences between the observations and the analysis (interpolated linearly to the location of the observations) were calculated. Observations with residuals outside the minimum and maximum values of the 99% quantile were discarded from the analysis. Originators of Italian data sets-List of contributors: - Brunetti Fabio (OGS) - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel doi:10.6092/36728450-4296-4e6a-967d-d5b6da55f306 - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel, Ursella Laura, Siena Giuseppe doi:10.6092/f8e6d18e-f877-4aa5-a983-a03b06ccb987 - Cataletto Bruno (OGS) - Cinzia Comici Cinzia (OGS) - Civitarese Giuseppe (OGS) - DeVittor Cinzia (OGS) - Giani Michele (OGS) - Kovacevic Vedrana (OGS) - Mosetti Renzo (OGS) - Solidoro C.,Beran A.,Cataletto B.,Celussi M.,Cibic T.,Comici C.,Del Negro P.,De Vittor C.,Minocci M.,Monti M.,Fabbro C.,Falconi C.,Franzo A.,Libralato S.,Lipizer M.,Negussanti J.S.,Russel H.,Valli G., doi:10.6092/e5518899-b914-43b0-8139-023718aa63f5 - Celio Massimo (ARPA FVG) - Malaguti Antonella (ENEA) - Fonda Umani Serena (UNITS) - Bignami Francesco (ISAC/CNR) - Boldrini Alfredo (ISMAR/CNR) - Marini Mauro (ISMAR/CNR) - Miserocchi Stefano (ISMAR/CNR) - Zaccone Renata (IAMC/CNR) - Lavezza, R., Dubroca, L. F. C., Ludicone, D., Kress, N., Herut, B., Civitarese, G., Cruzado, A., Lefèvre, D.,Souvermezoglou, E., Yilmaz, A., Tugrul, S., and Ribera d'Alcala, M.: Compilation of quality controlled nutrient profiles from the Mediterranean Sea, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.771907, 2011.

Moving 6-year analysis of Water_body_silicate in the Mediterranean Sea for each season: - winter: January-March, - spring: April-June, - summer: July-September, - autumn: October-December. Every year of the time dimension corresponds to the 6-year centered average of the season. 6-years periods span from 1965-1970 until 2014-2019. Observational data span from 1960 to 2019. Depth range (IODE standard depths): 1500.0, 1400.0, 1300.0, 1200.0, -1100.0, -1000.0, -900.0, -800.0, -700.0, -600.0, -500.0, -400.0, -300.0, -250.0, -200.0, -150.0, -125.0, -100.0, -75.0, -50.0, -30.0, -20.0, -10.0, -5.0, -0.0. Data Sources: observational data from SeaDataNet/EMODnet Chemistry Data Network. Description of DIVA analysis: Geostatistical data analysis by DIVA (Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis) tool. Profiles were interpolated at standard depths using weighted parabolic interpolation algorithm (Reiniger and Ross, 1968). GEBCO 1min topography is used for the contouring preparation. Analysed filed masked using relative error threshold 0.3 and 0.5. DIVA settings: A constant value for signal-to-noise ratio was used equal to 1. Correlation length was optimized and filtered vertically and a seasonally-averaged profile was used. 'log(data)-exp(analysis' transformation applied to the data prior to the analysis. Background field: the data mean value is subtracted from the data. Detrending of data: no. Advection constraint applied: no. Units: umol/l. The entire set of related maps can be found in the viewing service: http://ec.oceanbrowser.net/emodnet/ . Originators of Italian data sets-List of contributors: - Brunetti Fabio (OGS) - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel doi:10.6092/36728450-4296-4e6a-967d-d5b6da55f306 - Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel, Ursella Laura, Siena Giuseppe doi:10.6092/f8e6d18e-f877-4aa5-a983-a03b06ccb987 - Cataletto Bruno (OGS) - Cinzia Comici Cinzia (OGS) - Civitarese Giuseppe (OGS) - DeVittor Cinzia (OGS) - Giani Michele (OGS) - Kovacevic Vedrana (OGS) - Mosetti Renzo (OGS) - Solidoro C.,Beran A.,Cataletto B.,Celussi M.,Cibic T.,Comici C.,Del Negro P.,De Vittor C.,Minocci M.,Monti M.,Fabbro C.,Falconi C.,Franzo A.,Libralato S.,Lipizer M.,Negussanti J.S.,Russel H.,Valli G., doi:10.6092/e5518899-b914-43b0-8139-023718aa63f5 - Celio Massimo (ARPA FVG) - Malaguti Antonella (ENEA) - Fonda Umani Serena (UNITS) - Bignami Francesco (ISAC/CNR) - Boldrini Alfredo (ISMAR/CNR) - Marini Mauro (ISMAR/CNR) - Miserocchi Stefano (ISMAR/CNR) - Zaccone Renata (IAMC/CNR) - Lavezza, R., Dubroca, L. F. C., Ludicone, D., Kress, N., Herut, B., Civitarese, G., Cruzado, A., Lefèvre, D., Souvermezoglou, E., Yilmaz, A., Tugrul, S., and Ribera d'Alcala, M.: Compilation of quality controlled nutrient profiles from the Mediterranean Sea, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.771907, 2011.

EMODnet Chemistry aims to provide access to marine chemistry data sets and derived data products concerning eutrophication, acidity and contaminants. The chemicals chosen reflect importance to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). ITS-90 water temperature and Water body salinity variables have been also included (as-is) to complete the Eutrophication and Acidity data. If you use these variables for calculations, please refer to SeaDataNet for having the quality flags: https://www.seadatanet.org/Products/Aggregated-datasets . This aggregated dataset contains all unrestricted EMODnet Chemistry data on Eutrophication and Acidity (14 parameters with quality flag indicators), and covers the Mediterranean Sea with 67271 CDI records (60876 Vertical profiles and 6395 Time series). Vertical profiles temporal range is from 1911-08-17 to 2017-10-25. Time series temporal range is from 1974-06-04 to 2015-12-22. Data were aggregated and quality controlled by 'Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Hellenic National Oceanographic Data Centre (HCMR/HNODC)' from Greece. Regional datasets concerning eutrophication and acidity are automatically harvested and resulting collections are aggregated and quality controlled using ODV Software and following a common methodology for all Sea Regions ( https://doi.org/10.6092/9f75ad8a-ca32-4a72-bf69-167119b2cc12). When not present in original data, Water body nitrate plus nitrite was calculated by summing up the Nitrates and Nitrites. Same procedure was applied for Water body dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) which was calculated by summing up the Nitrates, Nitrites and Ammonium. Parameter names are based on P35, EMODnet Chemistry aggregated parameter names vocabulary, which is available at: https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/vocabularies/vocabulary_search/P35/. Detailed documentation is available at: https://doi.org/10.6092/ec8207ef-ed81-4ee5-bf48-e26ff16bf02e The aggregated dataset can be downloaded as ODV spreadsheet, which is composed of metadata header followed by tab separated values. This worksheet can be imported to ODV Software for visualisation (More information can be found at: https://www.seadatanet.org/Software/ODV ). The original datasets can be searched and downloaded from EMODnet Chemistry Download Service: https://emodnet-chemistry.maris.nl/search

Moving 10-years analysis of dissolved_oxygen_concentration at Mediterranean Sea for each season : - winter (January-March), - spring (April-June), - summer (July-September), - autumn (October-December). Every year of the time dimension corresponds to the 10-year centered average of each season. Decades span from 1971-1980 until 2006-2015. Observational data span from 1911 to 2015. Depth range (IODE standard depths):-3000.0, -2500.0, -2000.0, -1750.0, -1500.0, -1400.0, -1300.0, -1200.0, -1100.0, -1000.0, -900.0, -800.0, -700.0, -600.0, -500.0, -400.0, -300.0, -250.0, -200.0, -150.0, -125.0, -100.0, -75.0, -50.0, -30.0, -20.0, -10.0, -5.0, -0.0. Data Sources: observational data from SeaDataNet/EMODNet Chemistry Data Network. Description of DIVA analysis: Geostatistical data analysis by DIVA (Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis) tool. Profiles were interpolated at standard depths using weighted parabolic interpolation algorithm (Reiniger and Ross, 1968). GEBCO 1min topography is used for the contouring preparation. Analyzed filed masked using relative error threshold 0.3 and 0.5. DIVA settings: A constant value for signal-to-noise ratio was used equal to 1. Correlation length was optimized and filtered vertically and a seasonally-averaged profile was used. Logarithmic transformation applied to the data prior to the analysis. Background field: the data mean value is subtracted from the data. Detrending of data: no. Advection constraint applied: no. Originators of Italian data sets-List of contributors: o Brunetti Fabio (OGS) o Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel doi:10.6092/36728450-4296-4e6a-967d-d5b6da55f306 o Cardin Vanessa, Bensi Manuel, Ursella Laura, Siena Giuseppe doi:10.6092/f8e6d18e-f877-4aa5-a983-a03b06ccb987 o Cataletto Bruno (OGS) o Cinzia Comici Cinzia (OGS) o Civitarese Giuseppe (OGS) o DeVittor Cinzia (OGS) o Giani Michele (OGS) o Kovacevic Vedrana (OGS) o Mosetti Renzo (OGS) o Solidoro C.,Beran A.,Cataletto B.,Celussi M.,Cibic T.,Comici C.,Del Negro P.,De Vittor C.,Minocci M.,Monti M.,Fabbro C.,Falconi C.,Franzo A.,Libralato S.,Lipizer M.,Negussanti J.S.,Russel H.,Valli G., doi:10.6092/e5518899-b914-43b0-8139-023718aa63f5 o Celio Massimo (ARPA FVG) o Malaguti Antonella (ENEA) o Fonda Umani Serena (UNITS) o Bignami Francesco (ISAC/CNR) o Boldrini Alfredo (ISMAR/CNR) o Marini Mauro (ISMAR/CNR) o Miserocchi Stefano (ISMAR/CNR) o Zaccone Renata (IAMC/CNR) o Lavezza, R., Dubroca, L. F. C., Ludicone, D., Kress, N., Herut, B., Civitarese, G., Cruzado, A., Lefèvre, D., Souvermezoglou, E., Yilmaz, A., Tugrul, S., and Ribera d'Alcala, M.: Compilation of quality controlled nutrient profiles from the Mediterranean Sea, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.771907, 2011. Units: umol/l