'''DEFINITION''' We have derived an annual eutrophication and eutrophication indicator map for the North Atlantic Ocean using satellite-derived chlorophyll concentration. Using the satellite-derived chlorophyll products distributed in the regional North Atlantic CMEMS MY Ocean Colour dataset (OC- CCI), we derived P90 and P10 daily climatologies. The time period selected for the climatology was 1998-2017. For a given pixel, P90 and P10 were defined as dynamic thresholds such as 90% of the 1998-2017 chlorophyll values for that pixel were below the P90 value, and 10% of the chlorophyll values were below the P10 value. To minimise the effect of gaps in the data in the computation of these P90 and P10 climatological values, we imposed a threshold of 25% valid data for the daily climatology. For the 20-year 1998-2017 climatology this means that, for a given pixel and day of the year, at least 5 years must contain valid data for the resulting climatological value to be considered significant. Pixels where the minimum data requirements were met were not considered in further calculations. We compared every valid daily observation over 2021 with the corresponding daily climatology on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to determine if values were above the P90 threshold, below the P10 threshold or within the [P10, P90] range. Values above the P90 threshold or below the P10 were flagged as anomalous. The number of anomalous and total valid observations were stored during this process. We then calculated the percentage of valid anomalous observations (above/below the P90/P10 thresholds) for each pixel, to create percentile anomaly maps in terms of % days per year. Finally, we derived an annual indicator map for eutrophication levels: if 25% of the valid observations for a given pixel and year were above the P90 threshold, the pixel was flagged as eutrophic. Similarly, if 25% of the observations for a given pixel were below the P10 threshold, the pixel was flagged as oligotrophic. '''CONTEXT''' Eutrophication is the process by which an excess of nutrients – mainly phosphorus and nitrogen – in a water body leads to increased growth of plant material in an aquatic body. Anthropogenic activities, such as farming, agriculture, aquaculture and industry, are the main source of nutrient input in problem areas (Jickells, 1998; Schindler, 2006; Galloway et al., 2008). Eutrophication is an issue particularly in coastal regions and areas with restricted water flow, such as lakes and rivers (Howarth and Marino, 2006; Smith, 2003). The impact of eutrophication on aquatic ecosystems is well known: nutrient availability boosts plant growth – particularly algal blooms – resulting in a decrease in water quality (Anderson et al., 2002; Howarth et al.; 2000). This can, in turn, cause death by hypoxia of aquatic organisms (Breitburg et al., 2018), ultimately driving changes in community composition (Van Meerssche et al., 2019). Eutrophication has also been linked to changes in the pH (Cai et al., 2011, Wallace et al. 2014) and depletion of inorganic carbon in the aquatic environment (Balmer and Downing, 2011). Oligotrophication is the opposite of eutrophication, where reduction in some limiting resource leads to a decrease in photosynthesis by aquatic plants, reducing the capacity of the ecosystem to sustain the higher organisms in it. Eutrophication is one of the more long-lasting water quality problems in Europe (OSPAR ICG-EUT, 2017), and is on the forefront of most European Directives on water-protection. Efforts to reduce anthropogenically-induced pollution resulted in the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) in 2000. '''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS''' The coastal and shelf waters, especially between 30 and 400N that showed active oligotrophication flags for 2020 have reduced in 2021 and a reversal to eutrophic flags can be seen in places. Again, the eutrophication index is positive only for a small number of coastal locations just north of 40oN in 2021, however south of 40oN there has been a significant increase in eutrophic flags, particularly around the Azores. In general, the 2021 indicator map showed an increase in oligotrophic areas in the Northern Atlantic and an increase in eutrophic areas in the Southern Atlantic. The Third Integrated Report on the Eutrophication Status of the OSPAR Maritime Area (OSPAR ICG-EUT, 2017) reported an improvement from 2008 to 2017 in eutrophication status across offshore and outer coastal waters of the Greater North Sea, with a decrease in the size of coastal problem areas in Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Norway and the United Kingdom. '''DOI (product):''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00195

NOAA STAR produces two lines of gridded 0.02deg super-collated L3S LEO datasets from Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites, one from the NOAA afternoon JPSS (L3S_LEO_PM) and the other from the EUMETSAT mid-morning Metop-FG (L3S_LEO_AM). The L3S_LEO_PM is derived from JPSS satellites (in v2.80, NPP and N20) with VIIRS sensor onboard (0.75km/nadir). The L3S_LEO_PM dataset is produced by aggregating L3U datasets from two JPSS satellites ( https://doi.org/10.5067/GHVRS-3UO28 and https://doi.org/10.5067/GHV20-3UO28 ) and covers from Feb 2012-present. The L3S-LEO-PM data are reported in two files per 24hr interval, one daytime and one nighttime (nominal JPSS local equator crossing times around 01:30/13:30). Data is in NetCDF4 format, compliant with the GHRSST Data Specification version 2 (GDS2). The Near-Real Time (NRT) L3S-LEO data are archived at PO.DAAC with approximately 6 hours latency and then replaced by the Delayed Mode files about 2 months later, with identical file names. In addition to SST, the L3S-LEO files report the location and intensity of thermal fronts. The NRT/DM data are seamlessly stitched with the full-mission Reanalysis (RAN). The ACSPO L3S products are monitored and validated against in situ data in the NOAA iQuam system ( https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/sst/iquam ) in the NOAA SQUAM system ( https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/sst/squam ). Quality of SST imagery, clear-sky mask and thermal fronts is evaluated in the NOAA ARMS system ( https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/sst/arms ). NOAA plans to include data from other afternoon platforms and sensors, such as N21 and Aqua MODIS, into the future releases of the L3S_LEO_PM.

NOAA produces two lines of gridded 0.02deg super-collated L3S LEO SST datasets from Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites, one from the NOAA afternoon JPSS (L3S_LEO_PM) and the other from the EUMETSAT mid-morning Metop-FG (L3S_LEO_AM). The L3S_LEO_AM is derived from Metop-A, -B and -C. The Metop-FG satellite program was jointly established by ESA and EUMETSAT. The US NOAA, under the Initial Joint Polar System Agreement with EUMETSAT, has contributed three AVHRR sensors capable of collecting and transmitting data in the Full Resolution Area Coverage (FRAC; 1km/nadir) format. The L3S_LEO_AM dataset is produced by aggregating three L3U datasets from MetOp-FG satellites ( http://doi.org/10.5067/GHMTA-3US28 , http://doi.org/10.5067/GHMTB-3US28 , http://doi.org/10.5067/GHMTC-3US28 ) and covers from Dec 2006-present. The L3S-LEO-AM data are reported in two files per 24hr interval, one daytime and one nighttime (nominal Metop local equator crossing times around 09:30/21:30, respectively), in NetCDF4 format, compliant with the GHRSST Data Specification version 2 (GDS2). The Near-Real Time (NRT) L3S-LEO data are archived at PO.DAAC with approximately 6 hours latency and then replaced by the Delayed Mode files about 2 months later, with identical file names. The NRT/DM data are seamlessly stitched with the full-mission Reanalysis (RAN). In addition to SST, the L3S-LEO files report the location and intensity of thermal fronts. The ACSPO L3S products are monitored and validated against in situ data in the NOAA iQuam system ( https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/sst/iquam ) in the NOAA SQUAM system ( https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/sst/squam ). Quality of SST imagery and clear-sky mask is evaluated in the NOAA ARMS system ( https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/sst/arms ). NOAA plans to include data from other mid-morning platforms and sensors, such as Metop-SG METImage, into L3S_LEO_AM.

This map presents all layers corresponding to "Marine fishing" activities in the Atlantic area. For more information about this NACE code : https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nomenclatures/index.cfm?TargetUrl=DSP_NOM_DTL_VIEW&StrNom=NACE_REV2&StrLanguageCode=EN&IntPcKey=18495674&IntKey=18495704&StrLayoutCode=HIERARCHIC&IntCurrentPage=1 Indicators collected are : Business indicators per country Number of persons employed on Atlantic pits and rigs Overall gas volume produced Overall volume produced from Atlantic gas terminals

DNA sequencing of Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster spat infected in the wild with OsHV-1 virus in 4 French oyster basins (Marennes Oleron Bay, Arcachon bay, Rade de Brest and Thau lagoon).

This map presents all layers corresponding to "Renting and leasing of water transport equipment" activities in the Atlantic area. For more information about this NACE code : https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nomenclatures/index.cfm?TargetUrl=DSP_NOM_DTL_VIEW&StrNom=NACE_REV2&StrLanguageCode=EN&IntPcKey=18518354&IntKey=18518474&StrLayoutCode=HIERARCHIC&IntCurrentPage=1 Indicators collected are : Business indicators per country Number of persons employed and number of employees in full time equivalent units per NUTS 3 unit of the Atlantic Area

'''Short description:''' Multi-Year mono-mission satellite-based integral parameters derived from the directional wave spectra. Using linear propagation wave model, only wave observations that can be back-propagated to wave converging regions are considered. The dataset parameters includes partition significant wave height, partition peak period and partition peak or principal direction given along swell propagation path in space and time at a 3-hour timestep, from source to land. Validity flags are also included for each parameter and indicates the valid time steps along propagation (eg. no propagation for significant wave height close to the storm source or any integral parameter when reaching the land). The integral parameters at observation point are also available together with a quality flag based on the consistency between each propagated observation and the overall swell field.This product is processed by the WAVE-TAC multi-mission SAR data processing system. It processes data from the following SAR missions: Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B.One file is produced for each mission and is available in two formats: one gathering in one netcdf file all observations related to the same swell field, and for another all observations available in a 3-hour time range, and for both formats, propagated information from source to land. '''DOI (product) :''' https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00174

This map presents all layers corresponding to "Repair and maintenance of ships and boats" activities in the Atlantic area. For more information about this NACE code : https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nomenclatures/index.cfm?TargetUrl=DSP_NOM_DTL_VIEW&StrNom=NACE_REV2&StrLanguageCode=EN&IntPcKey=18496334&IntKey=18506474&StrLayoutCode=HIERARCHIC&IntCurrentPage=1 Indicators collected are : Business indicators per country Number of persons employed and number of employees in full time equivalent units per NUTS 3 unit of the Atlantic Area

This visualization product displays the plastic bags abundance of marine macro-litter (> 2.5cm) per beach per year from Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) monitoring surveys. EMODnet Chemistry included the collection of marine litter in its 3rd phase. Since the beginning of 2018, data of beach litter have been gathered and processed in the EMODnet Chemistry Marine Litter Database (MLDB). The harmonization of all the data has been the most challenging task considering the heterogeneity of the data sources, sampling protocols and reference lists used on a European scale. Preliminary processing were necessary to harmonize all the data: - Exclusion of OSPAR 1000 protocol: in order to follow the approach of OSPAR that it is not including these data anymore in the monitoring; - Selection of MSFD surveys only (exclusion of other monitoring, cleaning and research operations); - Exclusion of beaches without coordinates; - Selection of plastic bags related items only. The list of selected items is attached to this metadata. This list was created using EU Marine Beach Litter Baselines and EU Threshold Value for Macro Litter on Coastlines from JRC (these two documents are attached to this metadata); - Normalization of survey lengths to 100m & 1 survey / year: in some case, the survey length was not exactly 100m, so in order to be able to compare the abundance of litter from different beaches a normalization is applied using this formula: Number of plastic bags related items of the survey (normalized by 100 m) = Number of plastic bags related items of the survey x (100 / survey length) Then, this normalized number of plastic bags related items is summed to obtain the total normalized number of plastic bags related items for each survey. Finally, the median abundance of plastic bags related items for each beach and year is calculated from these normalized abundances of plastic bags related items per survey. Sometimes the survey length was null or equal to 0. Assuming that the MSFD protocol has been applied, the length has been set at 100m in these cases. Percentiles 50, 75, 95 & 99 have been calculated taking into account plastic bags related items from MSFD data for all years. More information is available in the attached documents. Warning: the absence of data on the map doesn't necessarily mean that they don't exist, but that no information has been entered in the Marine Litter Database for this area.

This map presents all layers corresponding to "Operation of gravel and sand pits" activities in the Atlantic area. For more information about this NACE code : https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nomenclatures/index.cfm?TargetUrl=DSP_NOM_DTL_VIEW&StrNom=NACE_REV2&StrLanguageCode=FR&IntPcKey=18495944&IntKey=18496004&StrLayoutCode=HIERARCHIC&IntCurrentPage=1 Indicators collected are : - Total number of jobs for Atlantic dredge areas - Overall production value from Atlantic dredge areas - Overall tonnage from Atlantic dredge areas