These monthly gridded climatology were produced using MBT, XBT, Profiling floats, Gliders, and ship-based CTD data from different database and carried out in the Med. between 1969 and 2013. The Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) is calculated with a delta T= 0.1 C criterion relative to 10m reference level on individual profiles. The Depth of the Bottom of the Seasonal Thermocline (DBST) is calculated on individual profiles as the maximum value from a vector composed of two elements: 1) the depth of the temperature minimum in the upper 200m; 2) the MLD. This double criterion for the calculation of DBST is necessary in areas where the mixed layer exceed 200m depth. DBST is the integration depth used in the calculation of the upper-ocean Heat Storage Rate. For more details about the data and the methods used, see: Houpert et al. 2015, Seasonal cycle of the mixed layer, the seasonal thermocline and the upper-ocean heat storage rate in the Mediterranean Sea derived from observations, Progress in Oceanography, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.11.004

Observations of Sea surface temperature and salinity are now obtained from voluntary sailing ships using medium or small size sensors. They complement the networks installed on research vessels or commercial ships. The delayed mode dataset proposed here is upgraded annually as a contribution to GOSUD (http://www.gosud.org )

A quantitative understanding of the integrated ocean heat content depends on our ability to determine how heat is distributed in the ocean and what are the associated coherent patterns. This dataset contains the results of the Maze et al., 2017 (Prog. Oce.) study demonstrating how this can be achieved using unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles. The dataset contains: - A netcdf file with classification~results (labels and probabilities) and coordinates (lat/lon/time) of 100,684 Argo temperature profiles in North Atlantic. - A netcdf file with a Profile Classification Model (PCM) that can be used to classify new temperature profiles from observations or numerical models. The classification method used is a Gaussian Mixture Model that decomposes the Probability Density Function of the dataset into a weighted sum of Gaussian modes. North Atlantic Argo temperature profiles between 0 and 1400m depth were interpolated onto a regular 5m grid, then compressed using Principal Component Analysis and finally classified using a Gaussian Mixture Model. To use the netcdf PCM file to classify new data, you can checkout our PCM Matlab and Python toolbox here: https://github.com/obidam/pcm

This delayed mode product designed for reanalysis purposes integrates the best available version of in situ data for ocean surface currents and current vertical profiles. It concerns three delayed time datasets dedicated to near-surface currents measurements coming from three platforms (Lagrangian surface drifters, High Frequency radars and Argo floats) and velocity profiles within the water column coming from the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP, vessel mounted only). The latest version of Copernicus surface and sub-surface water velocity product is also distributed from Copernicus Marine catalogue.

This product integrates sea level observations aggregated and validated from the Regional EuroGOOS consortium (Arctic-ROOS, BOOS, NOOS, IBI-ROOS, MONGOOS) and Black Sea GOOS as well as from the Global telecommunication system (GTS) used by the Met Offices. The latest version of Copernicus delayed-mode Sea level product is also distributed from Copernicus Marine catalogue.

This product integrates observations aggregated and validated from the Regional EuroGOOS consortium (Arctic-ROOS, BOOS, NOOS, IBI-ROOS, MONGOOS and Black Sea GOOS) as well as from National Data Centers (NODCs) and JCOMM global systems (Argo, GOSUD, OceanSITES, GTSPP, DBCP) and the Global telecommunication system (GTS) used by the Met Offices. Data are available in a dedicated directory to waves (INSITU_GLO_WAV_REP_OBSERVATIONS_013_045) of GLOBAL Distribution Unit in one file per platform. This directory is updated twice a year. Data are distributed in two datasets, one with original time sampling and the other with hourly data and rounded timestamps. The information distributed includes wave parameters and wave spectral information. The latest version of Copernicus delayed-mode wave product is distributed from Copernicus Marine catalogue. Additional credits: The American wave data are collected from US NDBC (National Data Buoy Center). The Australian wave data are collected from Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS); IMOS is enabled by the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS); It is operated by a consortium of institutions as an unincorporated joint venture, with the University of Tasmania as Lead Agent. The Canadian data are collected from Fisheries and Oceans Canada.

Ensemble simulations of the ecosystem model Apecosm (https://apecosm.org) forced by the IPSL-CM6-LR climate model with the climate change scenario SSP5-8.5. The output files contain yearly mean biomass density for 3 communities (epipelagic, mesopelagic migratory and mesopelagic redidents) and 100 size classes (ranging from 0.12cm to 1.96m) The model grid file is also provided. Units are in J/m2 and can be converted in kg/m2 by dividing by 4e6. These outputs are associated with the "Assessing the time of emergence of marine ecosystems from global to local scales using IPSL-CM6A-LR/APECOSM climate-to-fish ensemble simulations" paper from the Earth's Future "Past and Future of Marine Ecosystems" Special Collection.

The observations of campe glider on imedia deployment (Mediterranean Sea - Western basin) are distributed in 4 files: - EGO NetCDF time-series (data, metadata, derived sea water current) - NetCDF profiles extracted from the above time-series - Raw data - JSON metadata used by the decoder The following parameters are provided : - Practical salinity - Sea temperature in-situ ITS-90 scale - Electrical conductivity - Sea water pressure, equals 0 at sea-level

This dataset contains the dynamical outputs of a global ocean simulation coupling dynamics and biogeochemistry at ¼° over the year 2019. The simulation has been performed using the coupled circulation/ecosystem model NEMO/PISCES (https://www.nemo-ocean.eu/), which is here enhanced to perform an ensemble simulation with explicit simulation of modeling uncertainties in the physics and in the biogeochemistry. This dataset is one of the 40 members of the ensemble simulation. This study was part of the Horizon Europe project SEAMLESS (https://seamlessproject.org/Home.html), with the general objective of improving the analysis and forecast of ecosystem indicators.   See Popov et al. (https://os.copernicus.org/articles/20/155/2024/) for more details on the study.

This dataset contains OAC-P results from application to Argo data in the World Ocean : - the 2000-2015 climatology of OAC-P results mapped onto a 0.5x0.5 grid with mapping error estimates; - the 2000-2015 probability density function of the permanent pycnocline potential density referenced to the sea surface vs Brunt-Väisälä frequency squared.OAC-P is an "Objective Algorithm for the Characterization of the permanent Pycnocline" developed to characterize subtropical gyre stratification features with both observed and modeled potential density profiles. OAC-P estimates the following properties: - for the permanent pycnocline: depth, upper and lower thicknesses, Brunt-Väisälä frequency squared, potential density, temperature and salinity; - for the surface mode water overlying the permanent pycnocline: depth, Brunt-Väisälä frequency squared, potential density, temperature and salinity. Argo data were download from Coriolis Argo GDAC on February, 8th 2016. Only Argo data with QC=1, 2, 5 or 8 were used.